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Description: The TCP Optimizer is a free, easy Windows program that
provides an intuitive interface for tuning and optimizing your Internet
connection. There is no installation required, just download and run.

The program can aid both the novice and the advanced user in tweaking
related TCP/IP parameters in Windows, making it easy to tune your system
to the type of Internet connection used. The tool uses advanced
algorithms, and the bandwidth*delay product to find the best TCP Window
for your specific connection speed. It provides for easy tuning of all
related TCP/IP parameters, such as MTU, RWIN, and even advanced ones
like QoS and ToS/Diffserv prioritization. The program works with all
current versions of Windows, and includes additional tools, such as
testing average latency over multiple hosts, and finding the largest
possible packet size (MTU).

The TCP Optimizer is targeted towards broadband internet connections,
however it can be helpful with tuning any internet connection type, from
dialup to Gigabit+ It is completely free, requires no installation, and has been downloaded over 3 Million times.

Using the program


If you do not feel like reading the entire documentation below, or you
simply need the tweaks NOW, without spending time in learning the
meaning of all those settings, you can use the Optimizer by following
these short instructions:

- Choose your maximum Connection Speed from the slider bar (the maximum available bandwidth, in kilobits per second)
- Choose your Network Interface, or check to Modify All Network Adapters
- Pick "Optimal settings" from the radio-buttons near the bottom of the program
- Click on the "Apply changes" button and reboot



The Optimizer can do all the rest for you (including a backup of the
current registry settings, so you can revert the changes if you wish).
The new version of the program includes a preview of all changes after
hitting the "Apply changes" button and before actually editing the
Windows Registry.

You can also use the Optimizer to easily apply custom values, test with
different settings, and learn a bit more about tweaking and TCP/IP in
general. We strongly recommend getting familiar with the settings, and
learning what aspects of your connection they affect first. Also, note
that some of the program tabs (Largest MTU, BDP, Latency) can be used as
a learning tool without making any changes to the Windows Registry.

The 3 radio buttons at the bottom of the program show the relevant "Current settings" as set in the Windows Registry, the Optimizer recommended "Optimal settings", or allow for "Custom settings" for the more advanced user to test with different values.

Advanced Settings


This tab contains additional tweaks, that have a smaller, but still
noticeable effect on TCP/IP performance. Generally, the tweaks on this
page are not directly related to throughput. Some of the tweaks in this
section of the Optimizer might be related only to specific aspects of
networking, such as Web, or LAN browsing, hostname resolution speed,
etc.

Internet Explorer Optimization
By default, the HTTP 1.1 specs allow for only 2 concurrent
connections to a Web server. That means, while downloading a web page
you can only get 2 files at a time. Note that a single page usually
includes tens (sometimes hundreds) of images, each initiating a separate
request to the server. Increasing the default to ~10 can provide a
considerable visible boost in web page loading time, especially for
broadband internet connections. There are two parameters in this
section, MaxConnectionsPerServer, and MaxConnectionsPer1_0Server,
corresponding to HTTP 1.1 and 1.0, respectively. We recommend setting
both to the same number, between 4 and 10.

Host Resolution Priority
This section improves DNS and hostname resolution in general. It
helps web pages load faster, and has negligible effect on downloads. For
more information on what/how this tweak operates.

Type/Quality of Service
QoS (Quality of Service) and ToS (Type of Service) have to do with support for priority traffic.

QoS is enabled by default in Windows XP, and can limit available
bandwidth in order to accommodate high-priority traffic, when present.
The Optimizer only changes the QoS value if it is already present in the
registry. It is in the Registry only if the QoS Packet Scheduler is
installed (can be added from the Network Adapter Properties). We
recommend having the QoS Packet Scheduler uninstalled, or/and setting
the QoS: NonBestEffortLimit Optimizer setting to 0%.

ToS other than 0 is only available if ToS: DisableUserTOSSetting is present, and set to "0" in the Optimizer.
If enabled, the ToS: DefaultTOSValue can be set to a specific number,
(which is probably beyond the scope of this help file, but is somewhat
explained below - feel free to read the related RFCs referenced above
for more info). If we must make a recommendation, here are some good
DefaultTOSValue numbers that are valid, and with high precedence in both
ToS and DiffServ environments:

DefaultTOSValue = 80 - (010 100 00 binary). This setting should
be tried first. It is not very aggressive, but it takes precedence over
regular traffic and asks for low delay. For ToS, you get immediate
precedence, low delay. For DiffServ, you get AF22 - class 2 traffic,
medium drop probability.

DefaultTOSValue = 136 - (100 010 00 binary). This is a moderately
aggressive precedence setting. For ToS, you get flash override
precedence, high throughput. For DiffServ, you get AF41 - class 4
traffic, low drop probability.

DefaultTOSValue = 184 - (101 110 00 binary). This is a very
aggressive setting, that might introduce some packet loss - it is
usually only recommended for audio/video applications. For ToS, you get
critical precedence, low delay, high throughput. For DiffServ, you get
EF - Expedited Forwarding, high priority traffic, but with higher drop
probability.

The tables below explain the ToS and DiffServ values in more detail so you can choose your own numbers

This image has been resized. Click this bar to view the full image. The original image is sized 800x653.

Notes:
- The DiffServ column shows the 8-bit decimal equivalent that should be
used in the TCP Optimizer for the "DefaultTOSValue". The value is
obtained by appending two 0s to the 6-bit DiffServ codepoints. Note to
set any ToS other than 0 in the Optimizer, you also need to set
"DisableUserTOSSetting" to "0" (non-empty zero value).
- Higher class traffic takes precedence. Values not in the above table
can get reset to the default (0), or have the connection reset.
- Some routers may change, or reset the ToS/DiffServ value to 0 regardless of the setting.



DNS Error Caching
Windows has built-in DNS (Domain Name System) caching, which basically
caches resolved hostnames for faster access and fewer DNS lookups. This
is generally a great feature, with the only downside that failed DNS
lookups get cached by default as well... When a DNS lookup fails (due to
temporary DNS problems), Windows still caches the unsuccessful DNS
query, and in turn fails to connect to a host regardless of the fact
that the DNS server might be able to handle your lookup seconds later.
One can manually flush failed DNS lookups by typing ipconfig /flushdns
in Command prompt... Or you can simply set the 3 values in the Optimizer
to "0", and it will set the relevant Registry settings.

Note: Seems Microsoft changed the
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Servic
es\Dnscache\Parameters\NegativeCacheTime Registry entry in Windows
2000to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Servic
es\Dnscache\Parameters\MaxNegativeCacheTtl in Windows XP and 2003
server. We have updated this in the 2.02 version of the program.

LAN Browsing speedup (disabling the Network Task Scheduler)
This tweak disables searching networked computers for scheduled tasks
(when set to "Optimized" in the program). It reduces the long wait when
opening network folders, and speeds up LAN browsing.

LAN Request Buffer Size (reduces network delay)
In higher latency Networks, delays may be encountered with the default
request buffer size (4356 decimal). The range of this parameter is 1024 -
65535 bytes. Testing has shown that, in most standard Ethernet
environments, if memory is available 16384 bytes is a better choice.
This tweak only applies to LANs, and helps with slow browsing of large
directories.